Pharmacology in Nursing-Free-Samples for Students-Myassignmenthelp

Question: Talk about the pharmacology in Nursing. Answer: Presentation The present task manages the part of pharmacology in nursing. The investigation here concentrations upon a real clinical situation where the medication organization and security and rules have been disregarded. The task further partitions the medication into different calendars as dependent on a portion of these particulars the medication should be managed to the patient. The medication organization is additionally guided by various moral standards and enactments. Medicine mistakes The present investigation depends on the contextual analysis of Mrs. T who was a multi year elderly person admitted to the psychogeriatric ward with maniacal pressure or injury. She was directed a number an off-base medicine inferable from the carelessness of the attendant. This brought about deadly wellbeing outcomes inside the patient. The patient had a previous history of sadness, cholecystectomy, ischaecmic heart alongside repetitive urosepsis. The patient had additionally experienced aortic valve substitution in the year 2008 due to synocopal scenes. Since the medical procedure, the patient had additionally experienced falling apart wellbeing conditions, for example, poor hunger, noteworthy weight reduction, diminished portability and torpidity. The patient family had referenced that a lot of her disintegrating wellbeing conditions could be ascribed to the nearness of melancholy in the patient and henceforth she required prompt intercession procedures. In the psychogeriatric war d Mrs. was started on mirtazapine which was expanded to 15 mg following seven days. The patient was to be moved from the psychogeriatric unit to the mental medical clinic for the treatment of her significant sorrow. Notwithstanding, before the exchange the nursing experts taking care of Mrs. T needed to guarantee that she was furnished with the necessary medicine dosages so later she doesn't miss them during the exchange procedure. It was seen that rather than miratzapine the patient was furnished with nitrazepam 15 mg, which was a soothing having a place with the benzodiazepine class of meds. The arrangement of the meds brought about improvement of low weight in the patient. The patient later passed on from septic stun and desire pneumonia on admission to the emergency unit. The calming impacts of the medication made the patient suction gastric substance prompting septic stun. Henceforth, there was an away from with respect to the nursing experts, as they had put the medicine on wr ong prescription. The high measurement of the narcotic made the patient aim her gastric substance prompting septic stun, which further activated multiorgan disappointment in the patient bringing about moment passing (Hanson, 2016). The occurrence plainly pointed towards a hole in correspondence between the nursing experts. The attendants answerable for taking care of Mrs. T had directed her off-base medication. The occurrence however followed by an individual medical attendant, who believed it to be the other name for a similar medication and neglected to talk with her partner. In this manner, both the medical attendants neglected to check the system which was followed with the patient viably. Henceforth, there obviously a penetrate of morals with respect to the attendants, which further disintegrated the state of the patient. The attendants had likewise unveiled the blunder and reported the equivalent in the emergency clinic record (Brown, Edwards, Seaton Buckley, 2017). The carele ssness portrayed by the medical attendants brought about the demise of the patient. Consequently, proficient nursing gauges and morals had been disregarded here. Moral standards The clinical carelessness could be additionally depicted dependent on various moral standards. Some of which had been enrolled here, for example, veracity and non-maleficience. Both of these could be considered upon here so as to comprehend the holes in the nursing care and bolster administrations conveyed to Mrs. T. Veracity could be depicted as the state of truth telling and is supported by the regard for people and giving them adequate self-rule (Latimer, Hewitt, Stanbrough McAndrew, 2017). For the present task, concentrate should be moved to the part of truth telling. As referenced by Buckley, Stasa, Cashin, Stuart Dunn (2015), the rule of veracity is abused by exclusion or intentional keeping down of pivotal data. This is especially significant inside the human services setting, as deluding of vital data can jeopardize the life of the patient. As bolstered by Birks et al. (2018), trade of consistent with the reality data can forestall the event of untoward rates. As contended by Hewitt, Tower Latimer (2015), the veracity additionally alludes to being straightforward in ones expert communications. The veracity likewise alludes to keeping up the principles of documentation, viable administrative revealing and consistence checking (Martiniano et al., 2016). In this regard, the nursing experts h ad blundered the whole system to be followed with the patient. The need compelling consistence checking additionally offered route to the untoward episode (Gammie, Lu Baba, 2015). There could be various causes behind the careless practices portrayed by the medical attendants. It could be because of absence of preparing or empathetic exhaustion inside the medical caretaker. The other moral guideline which could be examined here is non-maleficience. The part of non-malefiecience in nursing implies making the least damage the patient with a reason for drawing out the most ideal result (Christensen, Craft, Wirihana Gordon, 2015). The nursing experts should fill in according to the standard of non-maleficience, where the medicines ought to be conveyed in a manner which limits the damage to the patient (Hayes, Jackson, Davidson Power, 2015). This could be talked about concerning the present circumstance where both the attendants had indicated carelessness in taking the records and managing the patient. The patient here Mrs. T was experiencing intense type of sorrow and must be conceded for following up her treatment. She was proposed another medicine were she should take mirtazapine rather than sertarline. Be that as it may, nursing experts who were following up the treatment of Mrs. T had put her under an inappropriate prescription rather, where she was out on a solid narcotic nitarzepam. The treatment was led in hurried way which brought about the passing of the patient. Along these lines, both the nursing moral standards were obviously abused here. The nursing standards were not under any condition followed for this situation as both the attendants had demonstrated carelessness in following the medicine design. The individual attendant neglected to talk about or report the blunder to her companion believing that a similar prescription under various conventional name had been given the patient. Wastefulness was likewise appeared in the documentation and the subsequent procedure. Henceforth, there was an away from of the nursing morals for the situation study. Enactment The criticalness of medication enactment has been talked about here. The medication enactments comprise of the compelling rules in regards to the prescription examples and the specific dosages dependent on which the meds should be directed to the patient. As referenced by Hewitt, Tower Latimer (2015), by no means solo drug could be proposed to the patient. The capacity, flexibly of medications is administered by medication and drugs enactment (Birks et al., 2018). A portion of the enactments which could be featured here are - Poisons and remedial products act, 1966, Poisons helpful merchandise guideline, 2002. With respect to the present situation, a portion of the viable medications guidelines could be talked about here which are wellbeing guideline, 1966, which sets out necessities for supports holders concerning capacity, record keeping and deals of timetables medications and toxins. According to the wellbeing guideline, the record keeping ought to be done successfully with respec t to the organization of the medications. This aides in the avoidance of organization of wrong prescriptions or wrong medicine dosages to the patient. In this regard, a portion of the guidelines referenced in the Australian timetable of prescriptions have been recorded here. A portion of these are plan 2, 3, 4, 8, etc. The calendar 2 spreads drug store medication, under which mental medications with high potential for misuse have been accounted for, for example, hydromoprohone, nethadone, meperidine and so on. The calendar 4 spreads remedy just medication, for example, diazepam, mizadolam and so on and has low potential for misuse contrasted with plan 3 medications which incorporate Ephedrine, Apomorphine and so forth. The timetable 8 spreads controlled medication which have high potential for misuse and fixation. A portion of the models are Buprenorphine, Alprazolam, Amfetamine and so on. The calendar 3 covers the profoundly addictive prescriptions and must be recommended under the assent of a drug specialist as it were. The nursing proficient taking care of the consideration worry of Mrs. T expected to guarantee that legitimate p ortions of the correct medicine were given to the patient. As referenced by Gammie, Lu Babar (2015), after the six right of nursing can forestall the event of the untoward mishaps in an intense clinical arrangement. The six rights could be referenced as follows-right drug, right portion, perfect time, right patient, and right course. Furthermore, the nursing morals had not been followed here which prompted a further compounding of the circumstance. The patient Mrs, T was additionally furnished with various drugs, for example, panadol osteo and enbdone. Endone comprise of the nonexclusive name oxycodone and was recorded under calendar 8 of the medications and meds. Panadol osteo contained the conventional name osteovan and had a place with plan 2 according to the Australian medications and medication. The patient Mrs. T was given nitrezepam which had a place with plan 4 of the Australian meds and sedates and was a physician recommended medicate as it were. Thusly, unaided dosages of the prescription could prompt further heath hazards in the pati

Food and Beverage Consumer-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Examine factors fundamental to the conveyance of a quality eating experience to the Food and Beverage Consumer. Answer: Outline of the Project The food and drink industry is one of the most conspicuous and fastly developing in todays world. Out of the numerous varieties that this industry offers one of the most looked for after is the fast assistance eateries that offer finger nourishments and snacks things. These are simple on the pocket and individuals can expend the equivalent on an abandon investing a lot of energy. This is one of the greatest favorable that speedy help eateries offers that they are simple on pocket and very shopper driven. There is no compelling reason to spend a lot of cash on making extraordinary feel for the clients and they can work from little kiosks(Harrington, Ottenbacher, Fauser, 2017). One such brisk help café is to be opened in suburbia of Sydney, which is the greatest city of Australia. The name of the rural territory is Carlingford, New South Wales. It is a little territory that is arranged 22 kilometers from north western finish of Sydney. The territory is a creating one and there are ver y little outlets that offers such snappy food administrations. It will be perfect to open such outlet in that piece of the nation. In this manner quickly following focuses can be featured from the presentation The name of the activity will be snappy food administrations eatery in Carlingford. The area will be Carlingford, New South Wales. The significant rivalry will incorporate the couple of feast out eateries that are there in that area, additionally it has an enormous estate of products of the soil frequently known as the plantation city in such manner. The objective market for the QSR will be understudies, school going individuals, office individuals. Fundamentally the organization will focus on those gatherings that dont have a lot of time to spend in cafés and furthermore needs great quality reasonable food at simple accessibility. The administration style as referenced through will be of a fast assistance eatery that will offer finger food, snacks and different indulgences at ostensible rates. Examination The current situation with the food and refreshment industry is in arrangement with the chose style of administration. Individuals all around the globe are searching for solid sterile food at moderate costs. Dinning out is a thing that all individuals can't manage, additionally they dont have that much time that they can pause and eat at a café. These days it is to a greater degree an extravagance and to a lesser extent a need. At the point when individuals have parcel of extra time, and they need to appreciate some great food and are prepared to go through some great cash on the equivalent, the go for feast out. Along these lines the need and the interest for speedy assistance cafés have improved throughout the years, and that is a lot of obvious from the high rate at which it is developing in todays world. The vast majority of the top nations presently brag of a colossal level of their incomes from these fast assistance eateries and there are numerous new companies that are worki ng in arrangement with the equivalent. So if the organization goes ahead with this proposed thought of opening a snappy assistance eatery in a developing rural territory then that will be entirely productive for the equivalent. The organization will be to en-money on the developing interest for delectable brisk chomps at less expensive costs. They are like brands like MacDonalds and dominos however will serve nearly progressively solid food(Visinescu, Jones, Sidorova, 2017). Determination of the menu The menu will be proposed dependent on the examination done and based on the objective market that has been chosen. As it has been expressed that Carlingford is a developing zone, and there are immense ranches of leafy foods so individuals over yonder wants to have their regular solid stuff and if the organization can wind the equivalent and present the equivalent in an alternate structure , then that will pull in many individuals. The principle thing in this way on the menu can be organic product plate of mixed greens combos that will comprises of various natural products that have been decorated with extraordinary sauces. Different things will all be founded on natural products like organic product tarts, nut cakes, organic product juices and furthermore the organization can join vegetable servings of mixed greens, vegetable visits and so on. In refreshments there can be organic products drinks at modest costs and regular frozen yogurts can likewise be served. Generally speaking th e menu will cover the more beneficial choice of food that individuals can profit effectively and for which they don't need to battle excessively. The rate can be kept least and the in addition to point is that the organization can get these crude materials for the food things from the neighborhood markets at low prices(Elimam, 2017). There has been numerous components that has impacted the advancement of this menu, the primary being the absence of good snappy help eateries in the region, the developing interest for sound food choices as individuals have become very wellbeing cognizant and furthermore the accessibility of normal items around there. Individuals in this rural region are particularly habituated to have these characteristic items in their crude structure, so if the organization can add a few varieties to it and furnish them with new food things fusing these normal items, it will pull in many individuals. Likewise the way that there was no such snappy assistance café rec ently assumed a significant job for the company(Laursen Thorlund, 2016). It is a lot of dependent on giving more advantageous choice of bona fide food things at less expensive costs utilizing the most promptly accessible assets in the zone. These are the couple of components have assumed a significant job in affecting the general menu. What's more, contingent upon the underlying deals and reaction of the individuals the organization can keep the menu changing and can consolidate new things in the equivalent. Along these lines individuals won't get exhausted of the equivalent and this will be useful for the business moreover Examination of the proposed financials for the venture: The organization needs to propose a specific monetary arrangement for the task, with the goal that it can dissect how and when it can contribute and what are the zones that may require uncommon consideration. It helps in characterizing a legitimate way for the organization according to which it ought to go through its cash and accomplish greatest measure of income. A concentrate of the proposed financial plan for the given venture is given beneath: In this spending it is suggested that the underlying beginning up cost of the undertaking is $100000, and afterward the other working costs that are acquired all through are separated into three portions: Food costs, refreshment expenses and wages cost. It is recommended that the proportion is determined based on the all out working cost that is brought about in the underlying year(Laursen Thorlund, 2016). The kept up proportion is 5:3:2. The expense of the food things is the greatest in light of the fact that it takes progressively crude materials to get all the fixings and food menu is nearly high. The drink menu is somewhat less in contrast with the food menu and will consolidate lesser measure of crude materials. Likewise the expense of wages will be high, on the grounds that the organization will require the equivalent to set up the food; staff will be expected to keep up the ideal degree of tidiness and furthermore to serve the food thing at the stands. So keeping the beginning up cost extraordinary, the various costs will be treated as working expenses and choices will be taken in like manner. The costs for the items will be fixed in a request with the goal that earn back the original investment is accomplished and furthermore in the underlying scarcely any months the aggregate sum of deals can be envisioned so a seat imprint can be recognized. The organization will likewise go through some cash on publicizing and advancement yet that must be considered as a piece of the underlying beginning up cost, and once the organization equal the initial investment the equivalent can be similarly conceded all through the coming years(Alexander, 2016). Provider Required The fundamental provider that is required in this task is the provider of the crude material for readiness of the food and drinks. Different providers that would be required will be the one that helps in development of the booths and all gracefully some different items like furnishings and utensils that is required. Be that as it may, the vast majority of these will be one time venture, the significant cost will be of the provider of the food fixings and the organization should ensure that they can benefit the equivalent at some discount(Bromwich Scapens, 2016). Powerful provider the executives administrations can help the organization in diminishing the aggregate sum of cost that may be acquired. The organization must do an appropriate statistical surveying and afterward should choose those providers that gives rebate on mass requests. For one time speculations the organization can go for rent items that are simple on the pockets and can be utilized for a more drawn out period. Thus ly the organization will have the option to decrease the all out expense viably and make back the initial investment early(Mayntz, 2017). The organization can likewise recruit specialists that can help them in doing such statistical surveying and assist them with securing information about the different providers in the territory. References Alexander, F. (2016). The Changing Face of Accountability. The Journal of Higher Education, 71(4), 411-431. Bromwich, M., Scapens, R. (2016). The executives Accounting Research: 25 years on. The board Accounting Research, 31, 1-9. Elimam, H. (2017). The Role of Small Businesses (Small Scale Economic Projects) in Alleviating the Acuity of Unemployment. Global Business Research, 10(3). Harrington, R., Ottenbacher, M., Fauser, S. (2017). QSR brand esteem: Marketing blend measurements among McDonalds, KFC, Burger King, Subway and Starbucks. Global Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 29(1), 551-570. Kohtamki, M. (2017). Constant Strategy and Business Intelligence: Digitizing Practices and Systems. Finland: Palgrave Macmillan. Laursen, G., Thorlund, J. (2016). Business Analytics for Managers: Taking Business Intelligence Beyond Reporting (Second ed.). CANADA: Wiley Publisher. Mayntz, R. (2017). Arranged Governance. Springer. Visinescu, L., Jones, M., Sidorova, A. (2017). Improving Decision Quality: The Role of Business Intelligence. Diary of Computer Information Systems, 57(1), 58-66

5 New Years Resolutions Just for Teachers

5 New Years Resolutions Just for Teachers The start of a new year is the perfect time to make a few totally achievable, teacher-specific resolutions. It happens to the best of us. We start out fresh in August or September. We're energized, we're relaxed, and we're excited about all of the great organizational strategies we came up with over the summer. Then, suddenly it's the end of December, and all we're trying to do is wake up, get into the classroom, and contain the insanity that the holidays promote among children. Let's use January to refresh. Let's bring back some of that enthusiasm and take those big, bold ideas from the depths of summer to renew our classrooms in the new year. Keep reading for New Year's resolutions for teachers, by teachers. 1. Clean Up! If you're anything like me, you're organized, yet working in conditions of almost-chaos at the same time. Yes, I generally know where the materials I need are located, but I may have to dig through a pile of student work, intervention resources, and curriculum guides to get them. I try to leave work on Friday afternoons with a clean desk because it helps me feel ready to begin the week when I come back in on Monday morning. One of my own personal New Year's teaching resolutions is to keep my desk and materials organized. While realistically I know this will be a challenge for me, I believe being more mindful will help! 2. Work on Your Relationships With Colleagues This resolution is probably the hardest to keep simply because it is partially reliant on other people. Typically, I choose resolutions that are 100% self-driven, but lately, I've been thinking that perhaps these commitments would be more meaningful if they involved others. Luckily, my school's general vibe encourages cooperation with and acceptance of others. (Other schools may not be so lucky.) The most successful work environments lack pettiness, so if you find yourself in a sticky situation with a colleague, try to rise above it. Invite them for a drink, to collaborate on a project, or buy them a coffee; small gestures can go a long way! 3. Keep Things Balanced As you return to school refreshed and ready to go, don't lose sight of your own mental and physical health. While you may feel prepared to take on 12 hour days in the classroom, that kind of daily grind ends up taking a toll on health and relationships. Try to make time for your friends and family, because they're the ones who will keep you sane when work gets overwhelming. Make sure to try that exercise class, join that book club, and embrace all the things that keep you happy. Happy teachers make for happy classrooms! 4. Have Fun As you frantically work to get through 100% of your curriculum within the allotted time period, remember that the days you let social studies slide in favor of some independent reading time, group activity, or a fun craft are the days your kiddos will remember. When I think back to my own time in fourth grade, I remember going to the school store, doing extra credit assignments, the boundless energy of my math teacher, and playing tetherball at recess. I have no idea what the standards were or what my grades on pre- and post-assessments looked like. I remember the fun. Your kids will too. 5. Be Realistic As beautiful and grand as New Year's resolutions tend to be, they are also easily left by the wayside. If you don't miraculously have a clean and organized desk on February 1, if you sometimes forget to prepare for that small group, if you don't do all of the things you pressure yourself to do, it'll be okay. We all love our kids, and that driving factor truly is the most important thing.   What are your New Year's resolutions? Share with us on Instagram, Facebook, Twitter, and Pinterest.

Critiques Of Male Stereotypes `` Reunion `` And Ernest...

Jacob Gaber English 220 Professor Hunter 26 September 2017 Author’s Critiques of Male Stereotypes Both John Cheever’s story â€Å"Reunion† and Ernest Hemingway’s â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants† has a character that embodies the stereotypes of masculinity. Although the characters are both embodying the stereotypes of masculinity, there are differences between the two characters as well as similarities. Hemingway and Cheever use their characters’ behaviors and personality traits to embody and criticize the masculine norms. The father character in Cheever’s story embodies the stereotypes of masculinity. Some examples of stereotypes of masculinity that the father depicts are not being a coward, emotionless, a bully, and an inferred alcoholic. The†¦show more content†¦This lack of caring continues when he has his secretary respond instead of taking the time to reach out to Charlie himself. This shows that he doesn’t really care about their relationship and is nonchalant about meeting with him. One can assume that his motive for meeting with his son was to feel important and show off. This is obvious when he talks about his club and it seems that the status of his club is more important to him than his son. It can be inferred that he is an alcoholic which is another stereotype of a man. This is shown throughout the story. He continually orders alcoholic beverages for him and his son, is loud and obnoxious just like an alcoholic, and when Charlie smells his father and said he smells like â€Å"†¦ a rich compound of whiskey.† (Cheever, 1) Like the father in Cheever’s story, the American man in Hemingway’s story embodies the stereotypes of masculinity. Some examples of stereotypes of masculinity that the American character depicts are manipulative, controlling, condescending, emotionless, and rational. The American man is manipulative throughout the story. He continuously tries to convince Jig, the female protagonist in the story, to get the abortion. This is shown when he says, â€Å"’It’s really an awfully simple operation, Jig,’ the man said. ‘It’s not really an operation at all’† (Hemingway, 2). This shows that he is attempting to downplay the abortion procedure and manipulate her

Dean Foods - 952 Words

1 Nixon and the Watergate Scandal Adrian Tillman HIS/145 the American Experience After 1945 January 5, 2012 Dr. Bernnell Peltier 2 Nixon and the Watergate Scandal In 1968 Richard Nixon became the 37th President of the United States of America. Only serving one full term, he also was under heavy scrutiny and the only President to resign from office. His resignation came before his inevitable impeachment from Congress. With the resignation of his Vice President Spiro Agnew (in 1973 because of bribes and kickbacks; Brinkley†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"With public awareness of Watergate affair reading 97 percent, two-thirds of those surveyed in a Gallup poll in early June said they believed President Nixon was involved in either the planning or cover-up of the case† (NY Times 1973). Nixon’s Resignation On August 9, 1974 Richard Nixon resigned from the office of the United States of America. On July 30, 1974 Congress with its House Judiciary Committee, issued three articles of impeachment. â€Å"Richard M. Nixon has acted in a manner contrary to his trust as president and subversive of constitutional government, to the great prejudice of the cause of law and justice, and to the manifest injury of the people of the United States† (Impeachment History 2007 Pearson Education). In the article â€Å"The Nixon Resignation† (NY Times 1974), the author points to Americans to have pride and dignity. He goes on to summarize that though Nixon was a diplomatic president he was not trust worthy. He also goes on to say that America’s judicial process was a fair one. â€Å"One can have pride in the institutions that have proved strong and resilient enough to surmount the severe internal danger with which the Presidency of Richard M Nixon threatened this Republic† (NY Times 1974 pg. 32). Although Nixon was very respectable with other foreign countries like Russia andShow MoreRelatedEssay Character Analysis o f Dean Winchester908 Words   |  4 PagesAnna Prioletti Professor Watts English 102 A24 January 20, 2013 Through the Eyes of Dean Winchester: On the Road and On the Hunt In my favorite TV show, Supernatural, one of the protagonists and my favorite character is Dean Winchester, a certainly very round character. The series begins in Lawrence, Kansas with the demonic death of Dean’s mother Mary. Consequently he, his brother Sam, and his father John are thrust into the world of the supernatural. John becomes obsessed with huntingRead MoreAnalysis Of Jack Kerouacs On The Road1420 Words   |  6 Pagesintroduction of main characters, Sal Paradise, who had recently separated from his first wife, to Dean Moriarty. Although Sal had long been interested in Dean, it is Dean who comes to Sal, asking him to teach him how to write. 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Roland’s understanding stretches as far as â€Å"nobody is supposed to know what Eddie has strapped under his shirt.† Roland however, is close to death himself, and manages to use Eddie to get food and a bottle of water back to his own world. Later he also bringsRead MoreApproaches in Technology Entrepreneurship: Dilemmas and Choices – Bricolage Versus Breakthrough2681 Words   |  11 Pagesa new path in food distribution. Running a network of 120 French farmers delivering fresh food within France, Natoora was neither a food producer nor a traditional website retailer. It developed its own system for offering services to producers and provided information such as recipes to consumers on its website. In the new process of food distribution, the phase of food storage was eliminated. Accordingly, the linkages between the actors, namely the producers, consumers and the food distributors

Anthem by Ayn Rand Free Essays

To be in full control of a man, dictators must not only enslave his body, but also destroy his mind. A man’s mind and the knowledge that a man has is his most powerful weapon. By depleting the mind of knowledge, a man cannot be in control of his own self and therefore is more easily conquered. We will write a custom essay sample on Anthem by Ayn Rand or any similar topic only for you Order Now In Anthem by Ayn Rand, the leaders and society in her book seek to accomplish control by choosing the jobs for the people, keeping the word â€Å"I† unknown, and maintaining a sense of unity from birth. In Anthem the leaders of the society in the novel, the High Council, examine the students and based upon their observations, give the students their jobs accordingly. In Anthem’s society, students are given jobs not to who will fulfill them the best, but based on how intellectual the student is. A smart and eager student such as Equality 7-2521, the protagonist in the story, receives a job that will dull his brain. Equality 7- 2521 is given the job of a street sweeper; he is extremely smart and the council recognized what he is capable of. The High Council gives the more important jobs, such as Scholar, to the students who are unintelligent so that the High Council can more easily control them. By destroying the smart student’s mind, the council can control them and cause them to become more unintelligent. To have complete control over the society in Anthem, the High Council keeps the word â€Å"I† unknown. By keeping this word unknown, the High Council is not only causing the society to think of themselves as one, but they are also causing the people to fear what is outside their world. Each person believes that without each other, nothing is possible and that thought instills fear into the society’s mind. By implanting fear into the minds of the people, they are afraid of what would happen if something in society were to not be the norm. The society, together as a whole, rejects anything that violates their comfort level and they destroy it. We see this happen when Equality 7-2521 goes to the World Council and presents to them his inventions, electricity and the light bulb. The World Council decides that since this invention was created by one person and not a group of people that it would ruin their society and they threaten to kill Equality 7-2521 and obliterate his inventions. By maintaining unity from birth, the dictators and society in Anthem create a sense of constant longing for another person; this leads to the fear of being alone. Each year, the new group of babies born go into the Home of Infants, then they are transferred into the Home of Students and then are given their jobs. Because each person believes that he cannot live alone, it keeps the society together. Equality 7-2521 spent time alone while he was experimenting so he realizes that man can accomplish things alone. The people in the society are dependent on each other to create a sense of security. Without that dependence, the society would split apart and each person would do how he wishes. Just as a man’s knowledge is his greatest power, it is also his greatest enemy. In Anthem by Ayn Rand, the society is ridded of knowledge and that is what causes the leaders to have total control over the people. They accomplish control by choosing the jobs for the people, keeping the word â€Å"I† unknown and maintaining a sense of unity from birth. By doing these things they not only enslave the bodies of the people, but also destroy their minds. How to cite Anthem by Ayn Rand, Essay examples

Study of Consumer Behaviour on Soaps Essay Example Essay Example

Study of Consumer Behaviour on Soaps Essay Example Paper Study of Consumer Behaviour on Soaps Essay Introduction Our research project studied the influence of price as the major factor in the purchase behavior of Indian consumers by studying the purchase behavior of soap in a sample of students. As price is traditionally considered as one of the most important of 4 P’s of marketing, and a review of past literature showed an existing link between price and the purchase behavior, the topic was chosen to study. A convenient sample of 40 students was asked to respond to questionnaire containing multiple choice, scale and dichotomous questions with a focus on price of soaps. The results were analyzed with the emphasis on finding the important attributes of soap considered by consumers and how they ranked of price among the most important attributes in soaps. Gender analyses of the results were also done to find the change of the perception of price among men and woman. Respondents were also tested on their knowledge of the phenomenon of hidden pricing. The results were analyzed and were plott ed in graphs to arrive at the proof for testing our hypothesis. A. Introduction 1. Problem Statement Study of Consumer Behaviour on Soaps Essay Body Paragraphs Consumer behavior is a complex, dynamic, multidimensional process, and all marketing decisions are based on assumptions about consumer behavior. The 4 P’s (Price, promotion, product and place) are considered to be the marketing-mix variables that influence the consumers of a product. From a seller’s view, these four are the marketing tools available to influence buyers. From a buyer’s point of view, each of these marketing tools is designed to provide a customer benefit. Out of the marketing-mix variables, traditionally, price has been the major determinant of a buyer’s choice. This is still in case with large segments of buyers across the globe. Although non-price factors have gained a lot of importance in the last few decades, price still remains an important factor in determining sales and profitability. Price exerts its influence in FMCG (Fast moving consumer goods) and marketers have tried to introduce new factors such as superior packaging, better ad vertisements, and increased number of choices to reduce the influence of price. The increased efforts are more visible in this product category as there is more competition for all segments in this market. Despite the extensive research, marketers still have poorly understood pricing and pricing strategies have become very important in determining the success of a product and a company. 2. Research Objectives/Hypotheses The objective of this research is to provide the insight into the degree of influence of price as the most important factor in the purchase decision of soap by a consumer, in order to provide a clear insight into the effect of price and the change of price in product sales which will help marketers to develop better pricing strategies and to plan for the optimum mix of the marketing-mix variables. Null hypothesis: Price is the most important attribute that influences the purchasing decision of soaps. Alternate hypothesis: Price does not play a significant role in the purchase decision of soaps. 3. Rationale for Approach The study started with collecting and reviewing existing literature in consumer behavior to ascertain the various factors of influence. Pricing related studies are also taken into account to find and conclude the presence of a research gap in studies relating FMCG sector (soaps in particular) and price to the behavior of consumers in southern India. 4. Value: in terms of Possible Outcomes The outcomes will provide the answer to the research questions of whether price plays a role in consumer’s minds while evaluating soap as a product and how much of an influence does price play in the buying decision. It will also give us an insight into whether price has the effect of overcoming customer loyalty and change habits and buying pattern. 5. Limitations of the study 1. The sample was fairly homogenous in terms of education level and income level. 2. The shopping behavior of the sample was not varied. 3. The study did not focus on the discount offers given on soaps. B. Methodology/Approach 1. General Research Design 2. Specific Research Questions 1. What are the factors that play a role in consumer’s decision of purchase of soaps? 2. Is price the most important attribute on which the consumer bases his purchase decision? 3. Will a change in price of the soap influence the buying decision? 4. Will a price change lead to shift in the customer loyalty to particular brand? 3. Data Collection Population – The shopping population of the campus and surrounding areas †¢ Sample Design – 40 (Convenience sample). †¢ Measurement methods – Survey using personal, structured questionnaire composed of be multiple-choice, dichotomous, scale questions. 4. Questionnaire Format: This Questionnaire was structured in such a way that it includes the profile of the consumer and the following factors related to the consumer behavior. 1. Product/brand attributes 2. Buying pattern/behavior 3. P urchase frequency/ quantity 4. Price of the product 5. Influence of price on the purchase 6. Shift in customer loyalty due to price change 5. Research Schedule: Task |Proposed date of completion | |Collecting responses to questionnaire |30/11/2009 1/12/2009 | |Interpreting the responses from the questionnaire |03/12/2009 | |Discussion regarding analysis of data using statistical tool |05/12/2009 | |Application of the statistical analysis to the data collected. |09/12/2009 | |Forming the results and conclusion |11/12/2009 | C. Literature review: An Exploratory Study of Sales Promotion Activities in Toilet Soap Category: An Insight into Consumer and Retailer Perceptions – Kureshi Sonal and Vyas Preeta. In this research paper, an attempt has been made to examine the nature of sales promotion activities in toilet soap category in India, study retailer perceptions with respect to these activities and also get an insight into consumer perceptions of these activities. Findings indi cate that with respect to the nature of the schemes, premiums (free gifts) were found to be the most frequently used in both premium and popular toilet soap category, followed by price offs. Retailers’ perceived price offs had relatively greater impact compared to any other forms of sales promotion. In line with the retailers’ perceptions, the findings of consumer perceptions indicated that price offs were the most preferred type of sales promotion. †¢ Supplier Attributes That Impact Institutional Buying Behavior – A study on FMCG supplies to Hotel Industry – Githa S Heggde and D. Sudharani Ravindran. The study on the functional gap implied how and why a particular buyer or a group reacted to the decisions of the producer in selecting a particular product and its utilization. The study of this functional gap proved that effective positioning of the product made the market place work better so that the buyers make better decisions to buy the product. The study involved the consumer involvement in the decision making process through the involvement theory. This theory is about consumer learning, which presumes that the degree of interest in purchase of an item depends upon the risks involved. The involvement is also dependent on nature of the product or service and the psychology of the customer. †¢ Consumer buying behavior in Asian markets – Mark Speece. The findings of this study indicated that Asian middle-class was primarily value-orientated. The specific criteria for choice that Asian consumers used was different for various product characteristics. There was strong value orientation for product quality issues and price. Asian consumers looked more closely at product characteristics to ensure a purchase was worth the price they were being asked to pay. Consumers ‘balance off’ quality and price, which means that they wanted good products, but not necessarily the best which they consider too expensive, or the cheapest which they do not trust in quality terms. Within that, how consumers across Asian markets reach their decisions is not so different from how western consumers reach theirs. †¢ Consumer Buying Behavior of, and Perceptions towards, Retail brand baby products – Adelina Broadbridge and Henry Morgan. For some consumers, retail brand products were regarded as superior to well known manufacturers brands (Gallup, 1997). A successful brand was perceived as possessins sustainable unique added values (de Chernatony and McDonald, 1998) or representing a variety of ideas and additional attributes (Gardner, 1955)and this was extended to many retail brand products. A higher risk tolerance usually occurred when the consumer required greater assurance about quality rather than price although for high priced items, social and performance risk slowed the growth of retail brands. D. Analysis of results: [pic] Fig 1. Ranking of soap attributes in purchase of soap Finding 1: Contrary to the assumption, Quality was ranked first by the majority of the people. [pic] Fig 2 Ranking of price by customers while purchasing soap Finding 2: 41. 6% of the respondents ranked price as the second most important attribute they consider while purchasing soap. The price sensitivity of the sample was checked. There were asked to identify for which price range increase they would change their brand. As shown in the bar chart below, most people said that they would change the brand only for a price increase of greater than 15%. [pic] Fig 3 Price sensitivity of consumers buying soap Segmenting the sample on the basis of the gender, the price sensitivity was checked again. It was seen that females showed greater price sensitivity towards higher levels of price increase, while the males showed greater price sensitivity at lower levels of price increase. [pic] Fig 4. Soap price sensitivity difference in males and females. Another aspect that was evaluated was if the respondent s were aware of the phenomenon of hidden pricing in soaps. While a majority, i. e. , 85% knew about hidden pricing, a surprising percentage of only 68% said that they would change their brand due to hidden pricing. [pic][pic] Fig 5. Knowledge of hidden pricing among consumers and change in purchase behavior E. Summary: 1. After the analysis of results, we come to conclusion to reject the null hypothesis and accept the alternate hypothesis. 2. Hence, â€Å"Price is not the most significant factor in the purchase decision of soaps. â€Å" We can also see a number of other interesting conclusions – We can see that in the purview of soaps based on the considered sample, they are †¢ Majority of the respondents felt that quality is a stronger deciding factor than price. †¢ Most of the respondents were price sensitive only to the higher levels of price increase. †¢ Females are more brand loyal than males in the lower price ranges. They change brands only for a highe r price increase. †¢ Though a majority of the respondents knew about the phenomenon of hidden pricing, some of them still don’t view it as a reason strong enough to change brands. F. Conclusion: G. Scope for further studies: We will write a custom essay sample on Study of Consumer Behaviour on Soaps Essay Example specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Study of Consumer Behaviour on Soaps Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Study of Consumer Behaviour on Soaps Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer